*Colonial America:

1. New England: Puritans; Shipbuilding and trading; Big cities next to harbors
2. Middle: Melting Pot; William Penn and Quakers; Grains
3. Southern: Plantation owners – Tobacco – Cotton – Slaves

Mayflower Compact, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, and House of Burgesses led to growth of representative/self-government

*Key People in American Revolution:

1. Samuel Adams – Led Sons of Liberty
2. Thomas Jefferson – Wrote Declaration of Independence; 3rd President (Louisiana Purchase)
3. Thomas Paine – Wrote Common Sense
4. King George III – King of England during American Revolution

*Key Battles and end in American Revolution:

1. Saratoga – led to French involvement in American Revolution
2. Yorktown – last major battle of American Revolution
3. Treaty of Paris (1783) – end American Revolution: England agrees to American Independence

*Terms:

1. Unalienable Rights – rights that can’t be taken away, listed in Declaration of Independence as Life, Liberty, & Pursuit of Happiness
2. Compromises at Constitutional Convention: Great Compromise: – how to decide representation in Congress (VA plan [large states] + NJ plan [small states])
3. Bill of Rights – 1st 10 amendments of Constitution guaranteeing individual rights; 1st Amendment: freedom of speech, press, religion, and petition
4. First political parties over ratification (passing) Constitution: Federalists (Madison & Hamilton): want to pass Constitution as is vs. Anti-Federalists (Patrick Henry): not want to pass Constitution without addition of Bill of Rights
5. 13, 14, 15 Amendments: passed after Civil War to abolish slavery

Industrial Revolution:

1. Eli Whitney: Cotton Gin (makes cotton king in South) & Interchangeable Parts (led to mass production)
2. Robert Fulton invents Steamboat
3. Andrew Jackson as President = rise of common man in politics

Reformers

1. Fredrick Douglass – black abolitionist
2. Elizabeth Cady Stanton – led women’s right’s movement (Senaca Falls)
3. Harriet Beecher Stowe – Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Civil War Leaders:

1. Jefferson Davis - President of Confederate States of America (South)
2. Ulysses S. Grant - U.S./Northern General
3. Robert E. Lee – Southern General surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse